E-LOGOS, 2019 (vol. 26), issue 1

History of Philosophy

The End of History and Comparison of Cultures

Jan Kozák

E-LOGOS 2019, 26(1):19-33 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.461  

The author makes the effort to demonstrate, that given appropriate criteria it is possible (and useful) to compare different cultures and set them into hierarchical order. This work utilizes both the method of conjectural history (Smith, Hume) and the contribution Hayek made to the methodology (compositive method). In accordance with the concept of freedom as developed by Kant, Hegel, Černý or Patočka and following up the works of Francis Fukuyama, the author employs the concept of "ideal type" of end of history. This is conceptualized by classical liberal democracy and capitalism in the form of free market competition. As shown by historical evidence,...

About Attributes of God (The First Czech Translations of Two Letters, which Were Changed between B. Spinoza and G. H. Schuller in July 1675.)

Martin Hemelík

E-LOGOS 2019, 26(1):34-46 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.462  

In the frame of this paper are published the first czech translations of two letters, which were changed between B. Spinoza and G. H. Schuller in July 1675. The content of letters are objections against some propositions of Spinoza's Ethics and philosopher's answers on these objections. The discussion was in relation to the problem of the attributes of God.

About Attributes of God II (The First Czech Translations of Two Letters, which Were Changed between B. Spinoza and G. H. Schuller in November 1675.)

Martin Hemelík

E-LOGOS 2019, 26(1):47-55 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.463  

In the frame of this paper are published the first czech translations of two letters, which were changed between B. Spinoza and G. H. Schuller in November 1675. The content of letters continuating in the correspondence from the summer of the same year are next objections against some propositions of Spinoza's Ethics and philosopher's answers on these objections. The discussion was again in relation to the problem of the attributes of God. The letters deal with the contacts between B. Spinoza and W. Ehrenfried von Tschirnhausen and G. W. Leibniz, too.

Ethics, Social and Political Philosophy

T. H. Huxley's Evolution and Ethics: Struggle for Survival and Society

Klára Netíková

E-LOGOS 2019, 26(1):4-18 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.460  

The present paper focuses on main points of Thomas H. Huxley's lecture 'Evolution and Ethics', which addressed current social and political debate about application of evolutionary principle of competition on society. Huxley, a well-known proponent of Darwin, was strictly opposed to such application as he threatened that ethics, the base of civilized society, would disappear. He claimed that ethical process kept natural processes under control and made men truly human. He stressed that while evolution governed the biological realm of nature, ethics was domain of human conscience and society.Even though Huxley was well established scholar, ideas...