E-LOGOS, 2023 (vol. 30), issue 2

Well-being in the Advent of Capitalism: Maximization of Utility against Categorical Imperative

Givheart C. Dano

E-LOGOS 2023, 30(2):71-82 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.501  

In the modern capitalist society, the balance between promoting the well-being of the majority and respecting individual rights raises significant moral dilemmas. This paper explores two frameworks of morality: the maximization of utility and the categorical imperative. While the maximization of utility focuses on maximizing overall happiness and well-being, it may require sacrificing the well-being of a few individuals for the greater good. On the other hand, the categorical imperative emphasizes universal moral principles and the inherent dignity of individuals, prioritizing individual rights and justice. In the context of a capitalist society, the...

History of Philosophy

Limits of Demythologization, Critique of Ideology, Postmodern Critique of Reason and Critique of the Other: Unsuccessful Moments in the History of Modern Rationality

Fasil Merawi

E-LOGOS 2023, 30(2):56-70 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.500  

The historical trajectory of modern rationality is characterized by an attempt to develop an account of the emancipatory reason that can diagnose the existing problems of society and also posit emancipatory visions. Still, such an effort did not lead to the development of an account of rationality that is reflexive enough to reflect on its epistemic foundations and can account for the different horizons of emancipation that are historically and culturally situated. Taking this into consideration, the aim of this paper is two-folded. The first one is to identify the limits of demythologization, critique of ideology, postmodern critique of reason, and...

Ethics, Social and Political Philosophy

Once More about Human Nature, Enhancement and Substitution

Robert Burgan

E-LOGOS 2023, 30(2):4-55 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.499  

Human enhancement in the broad sense, i.e. both individual and social, requires the most accurate definition of human nature, character or essence, because only on its basis it is possible, whether at an individual or collective level, to decide which interventions into the individual, community and society are useful and beneficial and which, on the contrary, harmful and dangerous with regard to their short-term and especially long-term interests. We discuss this problem with regard to a series of important research articles published in the Slovak academic journal Filozofia, that with a few exceptions, for various reasons, have not even come close...