E-LOGOS, 2016 (vol. 23), issue 2

History of Philosophy

ABOUT THE BODY AND THE MIND

Martin Hemelík

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):27-36 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.434  

In the frame of this paper are published the first czech translations of letters, which were changed between B. Spinoza and Willem de Blyenbergh of 1665. The content of letters are Blyenbergh´s questions, which resulted from their personal meeting and referred to the relation between the body and the mind.

Philosophy of Science

W. W. BARTLEY: RECONSIDERING THE PROBLEM OF DEMARCATION BETWEEN SCIENCE AND METAPHYSICS

Vendula Kovářová

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):10-26 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.433  

In the first half of 20th century the problem of demarcation between science and metaphysics was considered as the central issue of normative philosophy of science. W. W. Bartley convincingly demonstrates in his text from 1962 that dichotomy between science and metaphysics (non-science) is not so important because it does not provide relevant data about certain assertion (theory). Bartley shifted the question to the level of evaluation and acceptability of theories and presented his own criterion of "demarcation" between a good and a bad theory depending on the number of problems it solves. This study presents Bartley's arguments in context of popperian...

SCIENCES AND SCIENCE

Jitka Paitlová

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):42-50 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.436  

This paper point out the problem of how much it is currently meaningful to distinguish between natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. The following questions will be raised: What is the difference between the humanities and the social sciences? Is it possible to keep a sharp demarcation between the humanities and the natural sciences and their methods? What justifies a system of statements to call itself "science"? Is "quantitative death" a necessary fate of the humanities, or is it on the contrary possible - in addition to hi-tech successful natural sciences - to consider humanities as an indispensable know-how for the survival of human...

New technologies, the Infoworld, and the need for actionable knowledge

Georgios Constantine Pentzaropoulos

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):51-61 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.437  

This article is about knowledge with power or else actionable knowledge. This kind of ability knowledge is often neglected in mainstream epistemology but its importance in today's information society should not be underestimated. The central element here is the Infoworld, a ubiquitous world projected via the Internet. It is argued that information acquired via this world can be transformed into knowledge by means of logical inference. Knowledge acquisition is seen here as a continuous-time feedback process with its stability depending upon reliable information.

Philosophy of Language

Příspěvek k pojetí jazyka u Francise Bacona a Jana Amose Komenského II

Jitka Kuncová

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):62-72 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.438  

Presented paper is considered as a relatively self-containing second part of a serie dedicated to understanding of language in selected works of Francis Bacon and Johannes Amos Comenius. This part provides an textual analysis of two late Comenius´ educational texts and is an attempt to make explicit particular and specific aspects of language presented and cultivated in.

Ethics, Social and Political Philosophy

Limits of Moral Relativism

Joseph Grcic

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):4-9 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.432  

Talcott Parsons' analysis of the social system and the AGIL paradigm can show the necessity of certain foundational values and the limits of moral relativism.

Rawls versus utilitarianism: the subset objection

Terence Rajivan Edward

E-LOGOS 2016, 23(2):37-41 | DOI: 10.18267/j.e-logos.435  

This paper presents an objection to John Rawls's use of the original position method to argue against implementing utilitarian rules. The use of this method is pointless because a small subset of the premises Rawls relies on can be used to infer the same conclusion.